Cataract is the opacification of the lens, the natural lens of the eye. There is a great confusion between cataract and pterygium; that “red meat” in the corner of the eye is called pterygium, not cataract. The cataract is inside the eye, and most of the time, imperceptible to the eyes without proper apparatus. When it comes to be seen with the naked eye, it means that it is advanced, very mature. Only an ophthalmologic examination can detect cataract in its various stages. Another common confusion is finding that cataracts only appear in older people, when in fact there are children who are already born with it.

The treatment of cataracts is surgical and the opacified lens should be removed so that an artificial lens is implanted in its place. This artificial crystalline lens is called: intraocular lens. Certainly the advent of the intraocular lens allowed for clear vision with the use of thinner glasses and often even without the need for these.

1. There are two forms of cataracts that deserve mention: the nuclear to the posterior subcapsular. Nuclear causes the vision to be reduced gradually and more slowly, as if the person could see through a fog, or a dirty glass. Images become more yellowish. The vision from afar is more impaired than that from close up, and often the near vision even improves with the onset of the cataract. To maintain a good near vision in these cases, the intraocular lens is required to be far and near (Bifocal or Trifocal). In posterior subcapsular cataracts, the reduction of vision is usually faster. In the presence of a strong light, such as the sun, for example, the vision is greatly reduced. People with subcapsular cataracts, if exposed to the sun, have greatly impaired vision. They feel better in low-light environments.
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Treatments

1. There are different forms of treatment. Each case should be evaluated, and the best, according to each patient and the type of cataract, is chosen. After cataract surgery, most patients may require laser application within a variable time (capsulotomy). This procedure is necessary to open the capsule behind the intraocular lens and support it. This is because this capsule may become opaque over time, preventing good vision. The Laser application is a quick, safe and painless procedure.
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